The Sea is Haunting: Final
Meilan Whitaker
ENGL 2016- 44378
Professor Harris
17 November 2022
The Sea is Haunting: Final
Black men and women have faced many trials of protecting their masculinity and defending their sexuality. During the enslavement period, sexual abuse was prevalent but never brought to light. Sexual abuse was evident in women because of the production of biracial children. In the neo-slave narrative Homegoing, Esi was sexually assaulted, which resulted in having a child. Chapter two states, “He put her on a folded tarp, spread her legs, and entered her. She screamed, but he placed his hand over her lips, then put his fingers in her mouth. Biting them only seemed to please him”, Esi questioned herself what made this traumatic moment not as painful as she thought it would be. This confuses her sexuality and makes her feel vulnerable. Sexual abuse can also cause shame to be brought upon and cast the person to become the black sheep in the family. In “Daughters of the Dust,” the two protagonists, Eula and Yellow Mary are both raped by an outsider, which causes a rift in their family. Emotions were never processed fully to heal because the traumatic event was hushed and never spoken about. Yellow Mary’s case was different because she was not married, and Eula was married. Since Yellow Mary was unwedded and deemed ruined because her innocence was taken. Being shunned by her family for something she had no control over gives power to outsiders because it causes a weak family dynamic that stars a curse.
Sexual abuse with male enslaved people and descendants is not normally discussed because of black masculinity. Black masculinity has been affected by sexual abuse because of the embarrassment and the uncomfortable emotions and memories brought by it. In chapter two of “Equiano,” Equiano found it unusual for men to sleep in the same bed as their wives would, “who lay in those buildings along with their wives, who often accompany them; and they always go well armed.” Normal traditions for him were broken, and it was the beginning of his identity being stripped away. Sexual abuse was also used as a punishment; the purpose was to take away their pride and be ashamed of mentioning it. In the "Predator or Prey: The Analysis of Gender and Race on the Perception of Black Men as Sexual Assault Victims" article by Jordyn Livingston, it states, “Additionally, slave owners used sexual assault as a punishment, owners would force enslaved people to have non-reproductive sex with each other and would require enslaved people to wear little to no clothing (Foster, 2011).” Something supposed to be intimate and sacred and used to ridicule someone causes them to have a negative connotation to sex and results in lashing out.
Sexual abuse to obtain dominance over the enslaved ties in with our course theme the sea is haunting because as the abuse was happening, it was happening over the water. While the enslaved were taken away from their home and their descendants, they crossed waters, and the waters held their trauma and their story.
Works Cited
“For Many Enslaved African on Slaveholders’ Sexual Abuse of Slaves.” On Slaveholders’ Sexual Abuse of Slaves, http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/pds/maai/enslavement/text6/masterslavesexualabuse.pdf.
Livingston, Jordyn. “Predator or Prey: The Analysis of Gender and Race on the Perception of Black Men as Sexual Assault Victims.” University of South Carolina, 2021, https://sc.edu/about/offices_and_divisions/research/news_and_pubs/caravel/archive/2021_spring/2021_predator_prey.php.
Gyasi, Yaa. Homegoing, Penguin Books, London, 2022.
Equiano, Olaudah. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equian or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Printed for James Nichols, Leeds, 1814.
Dash, Julie, et al. Daughters of the Dust. Kino International, 1992.
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